Fig. 8
From: Characterization and applications of evoked responses during epidural electrical stimulation
Effect of referencing on EMG artifact morphology and latency: A Representative recordings on all available recording channels demonstrate changes in EMG magnitude and morphology with local tissue reference (LTR), virtual differential reference (DIFF-V), virtual contact 9 as reference (REF9-V) and contact 9 as reference (REF9). Each recording trace is a median waveform of 150 trials for a stimulation amplitude of 4.5 mA. B Representative plot of EMG artifact recorded on channel 1 (Ch1) using different referencing options: local tissue reference (LTR), virtual differential recording reference using channel 2 and recording from channel 1 (DIFF-V), and virtually referencing contact 9 (REF9-V) at a simulation amplitude of 4.5 mA C) AUC (Absolute Value Sum) of EMG artifact using 3.5-9 ms time window post stimulation pulse. * Indicates significant difference in the ECAP magnitude (p < 0.05)