Fig. 5
From: Measuring and modeling the effects of vagus nerve stimulation on heart rate and laryngeal muscles
In vivo responses to constant frequency VNS and random patterns of stimulation with an equivalent mean pulse rate of 10 Hz (dashed lines) or 20 Hz (solid lines) at 1.0xBCT. Trials were delivered in a standard order with constant frequency stimulation (C1), the trial of random pattern of stimulation (R), and the second trial of constant frequency stimulation (C2) for 20 Hz and 10 Hz. Data from individual animals are in gray, and the population response is in black (mean ± standard error; n = 10). A Example constant frequency and random pattern pulse trains for MPR = 10 pulses/s. B Heart rate normalized to pre-stimulation baseline (HRnorm). C EMG normalized to the response during C1, 20 Hz stimulation (EMGnorm). n.s., not significant, n = 10