Figure 1

(A) This panel illustrates a patient sitting in a chair in front of the robotic device. Her arm is fastened to a trough and she is grasping the handle of the robot. She is comfortably strapped into the chair so that movement of the robot can be accomplished only by moving her shoulder and elbow. This position and control of the patient’s limb illustrates a key feature of the training; the patient is required to focus on moving only the affected limb. The patient looks at a video screen which displays the position of her hand and the end of the robot which is a flashing active point that traces her executed movements. (B) The panel indicates typical performance measure plateaus as trials or time on task or practice increase. Panel A is adapted from (4): Bruce T Volpe, Patricio T Huerta, Johanna L Zipse, Avrielle Rykman, Dylan Edwards, Laura Dipietro, Neville Hogan, Hermano I Krebs. Robotic Devices as Therapeutic and Diagnostic Tools for Stroke Recovery. Arch. Neurol. 2009;66:1086-90. See https://doi.org/archneur.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=797921.